28 June History
- 1635 - The French colony of Guadeloupe is established in the Caribbean.
- 1675 - Frederick William of Brandenburg crushes the Swedes.
- 1709 - Russians defeat the Swedes and Cossacks at the Battle of Poltava.
- 1776 - Colonists repulse a British sea attack on Charleston, South Carolina.
- 1778 - Mary "Molly Pitcher" Hays McCauley, wife of an American artilleryman, carries water to the soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth.
- 1839 - Cinque and other Africans are kidnapped and sold into slavery in Cuba.
- 1862 - Fighting continues between Union and Confederate forces during the Seven Days' campaign.
- 1863 - General Meade replaces General Hooker three days before the Battle of Gettysburg.
- 1874 - The Freedmen's Bank, created to assist former slaves in the United States, closes. Customers of the bank lose $3 million.
- 1884 - Congress declares Labor Day a legal holiday.
- 1902 - Congress passes the Spooner bill, authorizing a canal to be built across the isthmus of Panama.
- 1911 - Samuel J. Battle becomes the first African-American policeman in New York City.
- 1914 - Austria's Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated at Sarajevo, Serbia.
- 1919 - Germany signs the Treaty of Versailles under protest.
- 1921 - A coal strike in Britain is settled after three months.
- 1930 - More than 1,000 communists are routed during an assault on the British consulate in London.
- 1938 - Congress creates the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to insure construction loans.
- 1942 - German troops launch an offensive to seize Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus and the city of Stalingrad.
- 1945 - General Douglas MacArthur announces the end of Japanese resistance in the Philippines.
- 1949 - The last U.S. combat troops are called home from Korea, leaving only 500 advisers.
- 1950 - General Douglas MacArthur arrives in South Korea as Seoul falls to the North.
- 1954 - French troops begin to pull out of Vietnam's Tonkin province.
- 1964 - Malcolm X founds the Organization for Afro-American Unity to seek independence for blacks in the Western Hemisphere.
- 1967 - 14 people are shot during race riots in Buffalo, New York.
- 1970 - Muhammed Ali [Cassius Clay] stands before the Supreme Court regarding his refusal of induction into the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War.
- 1971 - The Supreme Court overturns the draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali.
- 1972 - Nixon announces that no new draftees will be sent to Vietnam.
- 1976 - The first women enter the U.S. Air Force Academy.
28 June Birthdays
- 1491 - Henry VIII, King of England (1509-1547), founder of the Church of England.
- 1577 - Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter.
- 1712 - Jean Jacques Rousseau, French social philosopher (The Social Contract).
- 1867 - Luigi Pirandello, Italian playwright (Six Characters in Search of an Author).
- 1873 - Alexis Carrel, Nobel Prize-winning French surgeon and biologist.
- 1891 - Esther Forbes, author (Johnny Tremain).
- 1902 - Richard Rodgers, American composer.
- 1906 - Maria Goeppert Mayer, Nobel Prize-winning physicist.
- 1909 - Eric Ambler, British mystery writer (The Dark Frontier, Uncommon Danger).
- 1926 - Mel Brooks, comedian, actor, and director (The Producers, Blazing Saddles).
- 1947 - Mark Helprin, novelist (Winter's Tale).