01 July History
- 96 - Vespasian, a Roman army leader, is hailed as a Roman emperor by the Egyptian legions.
- 1543 - England and Scotland sign the Peace of Greenwich.
- 1596 - An English fleet under the Earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere capture and sack Cadiz, Spain.
- 1690 - Led by Marshall Luxembourg, the French defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance at Fleurus in the Netherlands.
- 1777 - British troops depart from their base at the Bouquet river to head toward Ticonderoga, New York.
- 1798 - Napoleon Bonaparte takes Alexandria, Egypt.
- 1838 - Charles Darwin presents a paper on his theory of evolution to the Linnean Society in London.
- 1862 - Union artillery stops a Confederate attack at Malvern Hill, Virginia.
- 1863 - In the first day's fighting at Gettysburg, Federal forces retreat through the town and dig in at Cemetery Ridge and Cemetery Hill.
- 1867 - Canada, by the terms of the British North America Act, becomes an independent dominion.
- 1876 - Montenegro declares war on the Turks.
- 1898 - American troops take San Juan Hill and El Caney, Cuba, from the Spaniards.
- 1942 - German troops capture Sevestapol, Crimea, in the Soviet Union.
- 1945 - The New York State Commission Against Discrimination is established–the first such agency in the United States.
- 1950 - American ground troops arrive in South Korea to halt the advancing North Korean army.
- 1961 - British troops land in Kuwait to aid against Iraqi threats.
- 1963 - The U.S. postmaster introduces the zip code.
- 1966 - The U.S. Marines launch Operation Holt in an attempt to finish off a Vietcong battalion in Thua Thien Province in Vietnam.
01 July Birthdays
- 1649 - Gottfried Von Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician.
- 1804 - George Sand (Amandine-Aurore Lucille Dupin), French novelist.
- 1876 - Susan Glaspell, playwright, (Alison's House).
- 1892 - James M. Cain, author (The Postman Always Rings Twice, Mildred Pierce).
- 1899 - Thomas Dorsey, American songwriter, singer and pianist, the "father of gospel music."
- 1902 - William Wyler, film director (The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben Hur).
- 1903 - Amy Johnson, English aviator.
- 1915 - Willie Dixon, blues musician.
- 1915 - Sydney Pollack, film director (Tootsie, Out of Africa).
- 1915 - Jean Stafford, American writer (The Mountain Lion).
- 1916 - Roland Robert Tuck, British fighter ace during World War II.
- 1961 - Diana Frances Spencer, princess of Wales.