10 September History
- 1419 - John the Fearless is murdered at Montereau, France, by supporters of the dauphine.
- 1547 - The Duke of Somerset leads the English to a resounding victory over the Scots at Pinkie Cleugh.
- 1588 - Thomas Cavendish returns to England, becoming the third man to circumnavigate the globe.
- 1623 - Lumber and furs are the first cargo to leave New Plymouth in North America for England.
- 1813 - The nine-ship American flotilla under Oliver Hazard Perry wrests naval supremacy from the British on Lake Erie by capturing or destroying a force of six English vessels.
- 1846 - Elias Howe patents the first practical sewing machine in the United States.
- 1855 - Sevastopol, under siege for nearly a year, capitulates to the Allies during the Crimean War.
- 1861 - Confederates at Carnifex Ferry, Virginia, fall back after being attacked by Union troops. The action is instrumental in helping preserve western Virginia for the Union.
- 1912 - J. Vedrines becomes the first pilot to break the 100 m.p.h. barrier.
- 1914 - The six-day Battle of the Marne ends, halting the German advance into France.
- 1923 - In response to a dispute with Yugoslavia, Mussolini mobilizes Italian troops on Serb front.
- 1961 - Jomo Kenyatta returns to Kenya from exile, during which he had been elected president of the Kenya National African Union.
- 1963 - President John F. Kennedy federalizes Alabama's National Guard to prevent Governor George C. Wallace from using guardsmen to stop public-school desegregation.
- 1981 - Pablo Picasso's painting Guernica is returned to Spain and installed in Madrid's Prado Museum. Picasso stated in his will that the painting was not to return to Spain until the Fascists lost power and democracy was restored.
10 September Birthdays
- 1487 - Julius III, Italian poet who promoted the Jesuits.
- 1754 - William Bligh, British naval officer who was the victim of two mutinies, the most famous on the HMS Bounty which was taken over by Fletcher Christian.
- 1847 - John Roy Lynch, first African American to deliver the keynote address at a Republican National Convention.
- 1885 - Carl Van Doren, historian and critic who won a Pulitzer Prize for his biography on Benjamin Franklin.
- 1892 - Arthur Compton, physicist.
- 1929 - Arnold Palmer, golfer who won four Masters, two British Opens and one U.S. Open.
- 1934 - Charles Kuralt, journalist, known for his popular "On the Road" television program.
- 1935 - Mary Oliver, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet.
- 1941 - Stephen Jay Gould, paleontologist, biologist and writer of popular books about science such as Time's Cycle and The Panda's Thumb.